OVERVIEW FROM WIKIPEDIA:
Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information. This may be done on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or "inconvenient".[2][3][4] Censorship can be conducted by governments,[5] private institutions and other controlling bodies.
Governments[5] and private organizations may engage in censorship. Other groups or institutions may propose and petition for censorship.[6] When an individual such as an author or other creator engages in censorship of his or her own works or speech, it is referred to as self-censorship. General censorship occurs in a variety of different media, including speech, books, music, films, and other arts, the press, radio, television, and the Internet for a variety of claimed reasons including national security, to control obscenity, pornography, and hate speech, to protect children or other vulnerable groups, to promote or restrict political or religious views, and to prevent slander and libel.
Direct censorship may or may not be legal, depending on the type, location, and content. Many countries provide strong protections against censorship by law, but none of these protections are absolute and frequently a claim of necessity to balance conflicting rights is made, in order to determine what could and could not be censored. There are no laws against self-censorship.
Source: Wikipedia
Fact-checking is the process of verifying factual information, in order to promote the veracity and correctness of reporting.[1][failed verification] Fact-checking can be conducted before (ante hoc) or after (post hoc) the text is published or otherwise disseminated.[2] Internal fact-checking is such checking done in-house by the publisher; when the text is analyzed by a third party, the process is called external fact-checking.[3]
The US remains the largest market for fact-checking.[4] Research suggests that fact-checking does indeed correct perceptions among citizens,[5] as well as discourage politicians from spreading false or misleading claims.[6][7] However, corrections may decay over time or be overwhelmed by cues from elites that promote less accurate claims.[7] Political fact-checking is sometimes criticized as being opinion journalism.[8][9] A review of US politics fact-checkers shows a mixed result of whether fact-checking is an effective way to reduce misconceptions, and whether the method is reliable.[10]
Source: Wikipedia
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